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Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a disorder of the eye where the internal pressure rises to a point in which the nerve fibers in the optic nerve are harmed, causing vision to deteriorate. This pressure increase occurs when the drainage system that usually flushes the eyes of excess fluid becomes obstructed. Medical professionals have yet to determine why this happens.

One of the primary causes of blindness in the US, glaucoma usually affects people older than 40. Those who are at greater risk of contracting the disease are:

  • Older than 40.
  • Of African American heritage.
  • Nearsighted.
  • Diabetic.

Frequently, the onset of glaucoma is gradual, pain-free, and symptomless. However, there is a unique version that happens more rapidly with symptoms such as:

  • Blurry eyesight.
  • Peripheral vision loss.
  • Seeing colored rings around lights.
  • Discomfort or redness of the eyes.

There is nothing that can be done to prevent glaucoma, but it is controllable when treated in its initial stages. Vision deterioration as a result of glaucoma is permanent, so it is a good idea to make an appointment for early detection purposes. This will include a tonometry test to measure eye pressure, an exam of the inner eye and optic nerves, and a visual field test to verify any change in central and peripheral vision.

Prescription strength eye drops and medication to reduce eye pressure are possible treatments for glaucoma. Sometimes, laser treatment or a surgical procedure may be a required alternative to lower pressure.